A Variation-tolerant sub-threshold design approach
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Due to their extreme low power consumption, sub-threshold design approaches are appealing for a widening class of applications which demand low power consumption and can tolerate larger circuit delays. However, sub-threshold circuits are extremely sensitive to variations in supply, temperature and processing factors. In this paper, we present a sub-threshold design methodology which dynamically self-adjusts for inter and intra-die process, supply voltage and temperature (PVT) variations. This adjustment is achieved by performing bulk voltage adjustments in a closed-loop fashion, using a charge pump and a phase-detector. Copyright 2003 ACM.