Ground-state counterpropagating solitons in photorefractive media with saturable nonlinearity
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We investigate the existence and form of (2 + 1)-dimensional ground-state counterpropagating solitons in photorefractive media with saturable nonlinearity. General conditions for the existence of fundamental solitons in a local isotropic model that includes an intensity-dependent saturable nonlinearity are identified. We confirm our theoretical findings numerically and determine the ground-state profiles. We check their stability in propagation and identify the coupling constant threshold for their existence. Critical exponents of the power and beam width are determined as functions of the propagation constant at the threshold. We finally formulate a variational approach to the same problem, introduce an approximate fundamental Gaussian solution, and verify that this method leads to the same threshold and similar critical exponents as the theoretical and numerical methods. 2013 Optical Society of America.