The design of neonatal incubators: a systems-oriented, human-centered approach.
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OBJECTIVE: This report describes a multidisciplinary design project conducted in an academic setting reflecting a systems-oriented, human-centered philosophy in the design of neonatal incubator technologies. STUDY DESIGN: Graduate students in Architectural Design and Human Factors Engineering courses collaborated in a design effort that focused on supporting the needs of three user groups of incubator technologies: infant patients, family members and medical personnel. Design teams followed established human-centered design methods that included interacting with representatives from the user groups, analyzing sets of critical tasks and conducting usability studies with existing technologies. RESULT: An iterative design and evaluation process produced four conceptual designs of incubators and supporting equipment that better address specific needs of the user groups. CONCLUSION: This report introduces the human-centered design approach, highlights some of the analysis findings and design solutions, and offers a set of design recommendations for future incubation technologies.