Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentration changes after acute haemorrhage and colloid-mediated reperfusion in anaesthetized dogs.
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OBJECTIVE: To determine changes in urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentration (uNGAL) in anaesthetized Greyhound dogs that developed acute tubular damage following haemorrhage and resuscitation with colloid-based fluids. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective experimental study. ANIMALS: Seven healthy adult entire male Greyhound dogs. METHODS: During isoflurane anaesthesia, approximately 50mLkg(-1) of blood was removed to maintain mean arterial pressure (MAP) 40mmHg for 1hour followed by gelatin-based colloid administration to maintain MAP 60mmHg for 3hours. Data, including oxygen extraction ratio and uNGAL, were collected before (T0) and immediately following (T1) haemorrhage, and hourly during reperfusion (T2-T4). After T4, dogs were euthanized and renal tissue was collected for histology. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated-measures one-way anova. Data are presented as means (95% confidence interval). RESULTS: Histology identified renal tubular epithelial damage in all dogs. Urine NGAL concentration increased from 12.1 (0-30.6)ngmL(-1) at T0 to 122.0 (64.1-180.0)ngmL(-1) by T3. Compared with T0, uNGAL was significantly higher at T3 (p=0.016) and was increased 24-fold. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Despite wide individual variation in baseline uNGAL, increases in uNGAL were observed in all dogs, suggesting that this biomarker has the potential to detect renal tubular injury following haemorrhage-induced hypotension and colloid-mediated reperfusion.
