Gain improvement of Er-Ti:LiNbO 3 waveguide amplifier by an As 2S 3 overlay waveguide
Academic Article
Overview
Research
Identity
Additional Document Info
Other
View All
Overview
abstract
A new configuration consisting of an arsenic trisulfide (As 2S 3) channel waveguide on top of an erbium (Er)-doped titanium-diffused x-cut lithium niobate (Er:Ti:LiNbO 3) waveguide has been investigated by simultaneous analytical expressions, numerical simulations, and experimentation. Both simulation and experimental results have shown that this structure can enhance the optical gain, as predicted by the analytical expressions. An As 2S 3 channel waveguide has been fabricated on top of a conventional Er:Ti:LiNbO 3 waveguide, where the higher refractive index As 2S 3 waveguide is used to pull the optical mode toward the substrate surface where the higher Er concentration yields an improved propagation gain. The relationship between the gain and As 2S 3 layer thickness has been evaluated, and the optimal As 2S 3 thickness was found by simulation and experimentation. Side integration was applied to reduce the extrapropagation loss caused by the titanium diffusion bump. The propagation gain has been improved from 1.1 to 2 dB/cm. 2011 IEEE.