Highly efficient electrocoalescence-based droplet merging using a 3D electrode
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14CBMS. Droplet manipulation is comprised of techniques such as droplet generation, merging, and splitting, of which droplet merging is one of the major bottlenecks in achieving high-throughput analysis. Here we present a three dimensional electrode that improves the electric field uniformity and field strength experienced by two adjacent droplets undergoing merging. We conducted a systematic comparison of planar, coplanar, dual-coplanar, and 3D electrodes under identical experimental conditions and analyzed the electric field strength and droplet merging efficiency.