Thermodynamical restrictions on amplification without inversion
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abstract
The possibility of amplification without inversion found that amplification condition requires that the number of the reservoir's photons at the driven transition does not go over the minimal value between the number of the reservoir's photon at the adjacent transitions. This suggests a distinction between two situations, where one shows the total energy of radiation being increased during the propagation, as a result of extracting energy from the medium pumped by a nonequilibrium reservoir and the other asserts that such a process is impossible since it is a two-photon transformation of the driving field which provides an amplification of the probe field at the 3-1 transition.