Low-fat bologna in a model system with varying types and levels of konjac blends
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A low-fat bologna model system (LFBMS) with a konjac blend (KB) level of 0.5% had higher moisture content and shear stress values (P<0.05) than a 1.0% KB. Increasing moisture:protein (M:P) ratios from 5.0 to 6.0 had the greatest effect on chemical and physical parameters. Three konjac types (KSS, KHC and KNC) had varying effects on these parameters. Allo-Kramer shear, texture profile analysis (TPA) and torsion tests indicated that LFBMS with a 0.5% konjac level and a M:P ratio of 6.0 or a 1.0% konjac level and M:P ratios of 5.5 or 6.0 yielded similar products to the control (30% fat).