How to expose t quarks hidden in pp collisions
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We describe a method to find tt states. (i) Trigger on dileptons ll with l=e, . (ii) Find events where heavy quarks have been associatively produced [pp (Ql+X)+(Ql +X)+X with Q=c, b, and (unidentified) t]. Requiring that both leptons be accompanied by hadron showers is probably a sufficient signature to isolate these events. If not, one can further isolate these events through the identification of the striking quantum-number structure of these jets by triggering on multiple leptons and on strange and possibly charmed particles. (iii) Reject these events. (iv) Now study ll invariant mass in the remaining events with a mass resolution of a few percent. Find the tt state with a signal-to-background ratio exceeding 10. We derive an "almost" model-independent lower limit on the number of lepton-pair events in the tt peak and on the signal-to-background ratio. We demonstrate the feasibility of the experiment provided the mass of the t quark is not much larger than 30 GeV and the luminosity of the collider is not much less than 10-29 cm-2sec-1. 1982 The American Physical Society.
