Analysis of simultaneous transformation and plastic deformation in Shape Memory Alloys
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The new developments summarized in this work represent both experimental and theoretical investigation of the effects of plastic strain generation in Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs). Based on the results of SMA experimental characterization described in the literature and additional testing described in this work, a new 3-D constitutive model is proposed. This phenomenological model captures both the conventional shape memory effects of pseudoelasticity and thermal strain recovery, and additionally considers the initiation and evolution of plastic strains. The theoretical model is numerically implemented in a finite element framework using return mapping algorithms to solve the constitutive problem at each material point. This combination of theory and implementation is unique in its ability to capture the simultaneous evolution of recoverable transformation strains and irrecoverable plastic strains. The consideration of isotropic and kinematic plastic hardening provide the theoretical framework for capturing the interactions between accumulated plastic strain and martensitic transformation. The model has been used to perform 3-D analysis of SMA structural components in bending. Experimentally validated results considering simultaneous transformation and plasticity are provided.