A critical look at the acquisition parameters for sea bottom seismic in the Arabic Gulf
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2010 SEG. Sea Bottom Acquisition is the standard seismic method for a large part of the Arabian Gulf. Typical for the region is shallow water depth (~10m) with a hard bottom, i.e., high seismic velocity just below the sea bottom. This in essence forms a wave guide and has a very dominating effect on wave radiation, propagation and penetration. With the acquisition methods commonly used today, the trapped waves in the water column and the interface waves generated in hard sea bottom layers represent a considerable noise problem not only for the actual shot but also for subsequent shots. In addition, these waves are spatially under-sampled with present acquisition systems. A combination of spatial aliasing and inadequate delays between shots thus gives rise to high level of noises in seismic data that are difficult to remove via data processing. We observe that strong PS-S reflections could be potentially important to estimate the shear wave properties of the subsurface carbonate reservoirs; Nevetheless, spatial aliasing makes the estimation much harder. We recommend that future acquisition designs need to be modified with denser sampling in space and longer shot delays for improved data quality suitable for reservoir characterization, considering the special shallow-water conditions in regions similar to the Arabian Gulf.
