New opportunities of 4C ocean bottom seismics in shallow-water environment of the arabian gulf: Results from comparisons of field data and full-waveform elastic modeling
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Summary: Shallow water environment typical of the Arabian Gulf presents unique challenges and opportunities to 4C ocean bottom cable (OBC) seismics, including strong surface waves and multiples. A case study of a set of 2D 4C OBC data acquired in the Arabian Gulf suggests that acquisition of 4C OBC seismic data should consider long time delay between shots, small spacing interval and other parameter modifications so that severe signal contamination and spatial aliasing can be avoided. Importantly, a combination of shallow water depth and hard bottom can result in efficient conversion of acoustic energy to downward pointsource- like shear-wave energy at the water/seabed interface that is more than thousand times stronger than in deepwater environments. Special 4C data processing incorporating forward elastic wave modeling may help utilize the PS-S reflections to estimate the shear wave properties of the seabed and the subsurface carbonate reservoirs.
